プロローグ

A is famous[well-known, renowned, noted, celebrated] as B [for C]

be made up of ～，be composed of ～，consist of ～，comprise

account for ～，make up ～，occupy，cover

be enshrined，honor，be dedicated to ～，deify，worship，consecrate

be registered[listed] as A「Aに登録される」，be designated as A「Aに指定される」， be appointed as A「Aに任命される」

be termed [named, entitled] ～「～と呼ばれる」，be the general [generic,collective] term for ～「～の総称である」，dub，nickname「～の愛称をつける」

be considered (to be) ～，be regarded [viewed, deemed] as ～，be believed to do，generally believed ～

represent「～を表す」; be reflected in ～「～に現れている」; show「～を示す」;

symbolize「～を象徴する」; symbolic [typical, characteristic] of ～「～を象徴的［典型的・特徴的］に表した」; an epitome [a paragon] of ～「～の典型」

date[go, trace] back to ～，originate in ～，derive[come, originate, stem] from ～，trace one’s root[origin] back to ～，date from ～

commemorate，mark「～を記念する」; in honor of ～，in commemoration of ～「～を記念して」; in recognition of ～「～を評価して」

feature，focus on ～，center around[on] ～; the center of ～，center for ～

refer to ～，mean，indicate

have a profound influence[effect] on ～，exert a great influence over ～，produce a powerful effect on ～，have a far-reaching effect on ～，influenced by ～

be located[situated] in ～，stretch from A to B

have，possess，boast，enjoy; house，accommodate

be covered with ～，be coated[glazed, overlaid] with ～，be wrapped in ～

found，establish，form

served with，served in，served as

traditional，long-established，time-honored，age-old，enduring

be home to ～，be the home[cradle, birthplace] of ～

emphasize，underline，highlight，stress，put[lay, place] emphasis[stress] on ～

be based on ～，X-based「Xに基づいた」; lay the foundation for ～「～の基礎を築く」; depend on ～「～次第で」

take the first place in，top the list，rank first[among the highest in the world]，rated[rank] as X

a dish of ～，a bowl of ～，～ cuisine

develop[evolve, expand, spread, flourish] into[from]

thinly sliced（薄切りの），rolled in X（Xで巻いた），shredded（みじん切りの），steamed（蒸した），stuffed with X（Xを詰めた），battered with X（Xで衣をつけた），deep-fried（油で揚げた），fermented（発酵した）

be seasoned with X（Xで味付けした），be flavored with X（Xで風味をつけた），X-flavored（X風味の）

celebrate，be traditionally celebrated as ～，be observed

pray for ～，wish for ～，offer[say, recite] a prayer

be depicted as ～，be described as ～，be portrayed as ～

A made from B，A made of B，A is produced from B

accompanied by ～，to the accompaniment of ～

be popular among，in demand，in vogue，sought-after

measure（大きさが～である），weigh（重さが～である），total, amount to ～ （合計～になる），average（平均になる），～ in diameter[height, length, width]（直径［高さ，長さ，幅］が～）

X-shaped（Xの形状をした），in the shape[form] of ～（～の形の），circular（円形の），round（丸い），rectangular（長方形の），cylindrical（円筒状の）， lengthwise（縦の・長い）

annually（毎年），alternately（交互に），artistically（芸術的に），basically（基本的に），commonly（通例），customarily（習慣的に），mainly（主に），primarily（第一に），privately（非公式に・個人的に），respectively（それぞれ），relatively[comparatively]（比較的），sparsely（まばらに），traditionally（伝統的に）

be displayed[exhibited, presented]，be on display，be laid out

include，contain，have，incorporate A into B

vary from A to B，vary according to ～，a [wide] variety of ～，various，diversify into ～

be rich[abundant] in ～，be filled[crawling, swarming, teeming] with ～，abound with ～

be characterized by ～，be marked by ～

play[fulfill] a key[important] role[part]，served as ～，be instrumental in ～

a common[standard] practice，the custom of ～，it is customary to do，practiced commonly by ～，customarily

auspicious; good luck，good omen

drive away[ward off] evil，a barrier against evil spirits，protection from ～

attract，draw

hold，have，host

connect A with [to] B，link A with [to, and] B，tie A with B，A is attached to B

be used as[for, to do]，be intended for ～，be designed for ～

be dotted with ～，be scattered over[across, around] ～，ubiquitous in ～

A topped with B，A with B on top，A with B on it，B topped on A「Bが乗っているA」

broiled over ～，grilled over ～

be in season ⇔ off season，out of season「季節外れの」

be introduced from A into B，be imported into ～，come from ～，be brought into ～

be handed[passed down] from generation to generation

be practiced，be conducted，be carried out

be performed

A like[such as] B；A including B；A, especially B

literally mean ～

be originally built[used, intended, called]

command a panoramic[breathtaking, spectacular] view of ～， overlook

scenic[historic] spots，places of historic interest and scenic beauty

be decorated[adorned, embellished, ornamented, festooned] with ～

fall into[be divided into] ～ categories[groups]，classified into ～ categories [groups]，be categorized into ～，classed as ～

separate A from B，divide A from B，be divided into A and B

be compiled by ～，be edited by ～

be patterned[modeled] after ～，be named after ～

for three consecutive days，for the third consecutive day，for three days in a row，for three straight days

be blessed[endowed] with ～，be favored by ～

be filled with ～，be stuffed with ～

be lined by[with] ～；be flanked by ～

give ... an insight into ～，give a better understanding of ～

complete，finish

have a relaxing[serene, homey, traditional] atmosphere

be equipped[provided, furnished, endowed] with ～

a combination of A and B，a mixture of A and B，combine with ～

cause，lead to ～，give rise to ～，bring about ～，result in ～，contribute to ～

express appreciation for ～，in appreciation of ～，as a token of gratitude

appreciate，aesthetic appreciation of ～，savor，relish

be engraved with ～，be carved out of ～，carve ～ in ... style

last，cover，extend from A to[through] B，range from A to B

an important[integral, essential, indispensable] part of，an important element

compared to[with] ～，be compared to[with] ～

be related[relevant] to ～，be linked to[with] ～，be associated with[to] ～

be equal[equivalent, comparable] to ～，correspond to ～

be similar to ～，resemble，bear a striking resemblance to ～

in[by] contrast to[with] ～，contrast (sharply) with ～

dominate，rule，gain [take] control of[over] ～

be translated as[into] ～

a parade of ～，a procession of ～

X-story，X-storied

X-based（Xを基にした），X-flavored（X味の）

a conflict[fight] between[over, with] ～，fight a fierce battle with[against] ～

interact with ～，come into contact with ～，commune with ～

performed exclusively by X

a form of ～，a type of ～，a style of ～，a genre of ～

the way of ～，the art of ～，a method of ～；as a means of ～「～の手段として」

burst[come] into bloom, be in full bloom

under the auspices[sponsorship, leadership, order, edict] of ～ 「～の後援［（財政的な）後援，指揮下，命令，法令］で」

be sent[dispatched] from A to B

1. 伝統文化 208

2. 行事 209

3. 食事 210

4. 日本人の精神と宗教 211

5. 身の回り 212

6. その他 213

1. 人物 214

2. 歴史一般 215

1. 日本の観光 217

2. 日本の地理 217

1. 日本の政治 220

2. 日本の経済と教育 221

3. 日本の食習慣と長寿 222

4. 携帯電話 222